Machined parts are used in a wide range of fields, from simple metal fasteners to complex aircraft engine components. At the heart of machining is the manufacture of specialized parts using cutting equipment such as milling machines, lathes, and milling machines. Although their methods differ, they all share the same goal: to remove material from a solid block called a workpiece using precision cutting tools. Different methods can be used to produce machined objects. Manual parts machining requires the knowledge of trained machinists who manually use machines such as milling machines to form precise parts through milling. CNC machining, on the other hand, uses electric CNC machine tools that autonomously execute the cutting process according to computer-generated instructions.
CNC machining is widely used in modern precision and customized product practices due to its precision and efficiency. However, manual machining remains popular for certain tasks due to its speed, especially when digital design and programming of CNC machines are not required.
Currently, different materials—from metals to polymers—are used when selecting materials for CNC-machined parts. Nevertheless, the chosen material must be able to be sliced without significant deformation.
However, in some cases, part machining is done on items constructed using other programs. For example, cast or molded items may require additional machining to incorporate certain details or features. These parts, known as partially machined or post-machined parts, demonstrate the versatility and adaptability of machining methods in various manufacturing environments.
Machining vs. Manufacturing: What’s the Difference?
Machining and manufacturing are two related operations that play distinct roles in the production process. Manufacturing refers to the various techniques used to transform raw materials into final products, including casting, molding, forging, and machining.
Now, let’s talk about machining, a subset of manufacturing. This process involves the controlled removal of material from a workpiece to obtain a specified shape or feature. This technique offers exceptional precision, enabling the manufacture of delicate components that are difficult or impossible to produce using other processes.
Why Use Machined Parts?
A variety of compelling reasons underpin the use of machined parts across many industries, including those driven by businesses, product designers, and R&D departments. Below, we outline the various applications and benefits of machined parts that make them highly useful in real-world settings:
Inherent Strength
Because machined parts are made from solid blocks of material, their inherent strength is a significant advantage. This robust foundation provides these components with excellent durability and robustness.
Furthermore, the versatility of machined parts is demonstrated by their ability to take on various shapes and thicknesses. This versatility allows for complex designs and different proportions to suit specific needs.
Enhanced Precision
Another notable characteristic of machined parts is the precision of the parts manufactured after machining. Their manufacturing methods allow for the insertion of complex and highly detailed functions, thereby enhancing the functionality and appeal of the final product.
In addition, the diversity of materials that can be used increases the adaptability of machined parts. Metals, polymers, and even certain composite materials are available material alternatives.
Small Batch Production
Notably, machined parts significantly benefit from faster, small-batch production. The lack of complex tooling requirements accelerates the manufacturing process, enabling small-batch production as needed. This production flexibility meets the requirements of rapid prototyping and small-batch production scenarios in parts manufacturing.
Tight Tolerances
Machined parts with extremely tight tolerances can be produced. Controlled cutting rates can be finely modified to ensure the final product meets stringent tolerances. This precision is extremely valuable for industries where accuracy is critical, such as aerospace and medical device manufacturing.
Technological Reliability
Incorporating machined parts into the project also introduces the advantage of CNC machining as a time-tested production technology. Specifically, machining, as an industry standard for decades, provides reliability and predictability.
